对行政事业单位、现行预算会计有关问题的思考

本文在我国财政预算管理体制改革的大背景下，从预算管理实务操作的视角，结合国内外公共财政管理相关理论，剖析了我国现行预算会计体系存在的问题，并对预算会计体系改革提出了切实可行的对策。全文重点论述了我国预算会计体系的问题以及重新构造预算会计体系、逐步转向权责发生制会计基础、改进完善政府会计信息体系三方面对改革我国预算会计体系的对策。     

纸塑包装延长高压灭菌包的临床应用

目的:纸塑包装延长高压灭菌包的临床应用。方法:双层棉包布常规包装高压灭菌按要求存放7d,霉季5d,而纸塑包装可保存6个月。结果:纸塑包装大大延长无菌包的无菌时间。包装安全经济,可靠,并可预防院内感染。     

OFDI逆向技术溢出、制度质量与区域创新能力

基于2005—2016年我国省际面板数据,首先通过OLS、DIFF GMM、SYS GMM3种基准线性回归方法论证了OFDI逆向技术溢出对我国区域创新能力的促进作用。以OFDI为核心解释变量,分别构建以地区腐败、市场化程度和知识产权保护为门槛变量的动态门槛回归模型。结果发现：随着地区腐败程度加深,我国区域创新能力逐渐减弱;以市场化程度、知识产权保护为门槛变量,跨越门槛点后OFDI对我国区域创新能力的拉动作用依次增强。最后,结合面板向量自回归模型进一步研究对外直接投资过程中地区腐败、市场化程度和知识产权保护对区域创新能力的动态即期冲击。结果显示:市场化程度单位变动对区域创新能力的影响呈现正向冲击且持续性较强,知识产权保护对区域创新能力的拉动最为迅速但后期持续性较弱,地区腐败对区域创新能力产生负向冲击作用。     

科技人才组织领地行为如何影响其离职意向

基于资源保存理论视角,以科技人才为研究对象,关注其组织领地行为对离职意向的影响机制,并探究心理所有权的中介作用、婚姻的调节作用以及婚姻与心理所有权共同产生的被调节的中介作用。建立基于科技人才婚姻情况与心理所有权的被调节的中介作用模型,运用问卷调查方法收集全国各地高新技术企业、高等院校、科研院所等科技人才共411份有效问卷,展开实证分析。结果表明：不考虑婚姻的调节作用时,科技人才组织领地行为对离职意向的直接影响不显著,心理所有权对这种直接影响也无中介作用;考虑到婚姻的调节作用,未婚群体的组织领地行为越强,离职意向越强烈;在被调节的中介作用模型中,婚姻状况在心理所有权对组织领地行为与离职意向间的中介作用起到了调节作用,具体表现为未婚群体组织领地行为通过组织心理所有权的部分中介作用负向影响离职意向,通过直接影响机制正向影响离职意向。     

基于生物识别技术的智慧支付体系研究

近年来,随着信息技术的飞速发展,生物识别技术在支付领域的应用也在不断突破,互联网金融公司、商业银行纷纷将生物识别技术嵌入业务链,融入业务场景。鉴于人体生物特征的稳定性、唯一性和不易复制性,生物识别技术的应用为金融支付提供了更安全、快捷的途径,具有广阔的应用前景。本文分析了生物识别技术在支付领域应用的可行性及优势,对以生物识别技术为核心载体的智慧支付体系的建设进行了初步探索,以期为推动生物识别技术在支付领域应用、建设智慧型支付体系提供参考。     

Anti-corruption,government subsidies,and investment efficiency

The problem of corruption in socio-economic development has long been a focus of academics and practitioners. To address this concern in China, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China instituted a new anti-corruption policy. In this paper, we examine the impact of this recently enacted anti-corruption policy on the investment efficiency of subsidized enterprises from the perspective of government subsidies. We conclude that government subsidies have a significant positive impact on the overinvestment behavior of enterprises and that the anti-corruption work done by the government has effectively restrained the excessive investment behavior of government-subsidized enterprises. Further, we find that the anti-corruption policy is more effective in restricting overinvestment in subsidized state-owned enterprises than in non-state-owned enterprises. We examine the impact of the anti-corruption policy on excessive investment caused by government subsidies and enrich the body of research related to investment efficiency. We also provide empirical support for further research on the anti-corruption policy at the macro-market and micro-enterprise levels. The findings highlight the need to establish new cooperation between government and enterprises, to rationalize the distribution of administrative resources, and to promote the sustained and healthy development of the national economy.     

Profiling high-frequency equity price movements in directional changes

Market prices are traditionally sampled in fixed time intervals to form time series. Directional change (DC) is an alternative approach to record price movements. Instead of sampling at fixed intervals, DC is data driven: price changes dictate when a price is recorded. DC provides us with a complementary way to extract information from data. It allows us to observe features that may not be recognized in time series. The argument is that time series and DC-based analysis complement each other. With data sampled at irregular time intervals in DC, however, some of the time series indicators cannot be used in DC-based analysis. For example, returns must be time adjusted and volatility must be amended accordingly. A major objective of this paper is to introduce indicators for profiling markets under DC. We analyse empirical high-frequency data on major equities traded on the UK stock market, and through DC profiling extract information complementary to features observed through time series profiling.     

土地制度改革:中国有效应对全社会住房需求的重要保证

中央政府近年来大力推进保障性住房体系建设。本文讨论了目前中国大规模保障性住房建设所取得的进展,并分析了过快推进保障性住房所可能存在的经济可持续性、融资渠道、地方政府激励与分配公平等诸多需要解决的问题。住房保障与保障性住房是两个有关联、但不完全一致的概念,通过土地和财政配套体制改革,中国完全可以以市场化的方式解决绝大部分新增城市化人口的居住问题,并同时实现地方财政从预算外土地财政向以财产税、土地增值税为主体的预算内财政转型,实现户籍制度改革有效突破,为经济带来新的增长点。这些改革将大大降低政府直接建设保障性住房的财政与管理压力,而配合以合适的金融体制改革实现保障性住房融资机制的突破,完全可以有效应对全社会住房需求的重大挑战。     

中国创业板市场节日效应的实证分析

本文回顾了创业板市场建立过程,以香港创业板与深市创业板的时间序列数据,首先进行了香港创业板(GEM001)和深市创业板指(399006)对数收益率的波动性刻画,验证其分别服从GARCH(1,1)和ARCH(1)模型,且拟合优度较好;然后采用虚拟变量回归的方法,对其节日效应进行了检验,结果发现:港股在元旦、五一、春节时具有较为显著的节日效应(节前效应和节后效应);深创业板在国庆时具有较为明显的节日效应,在元旦和五一具有节前效应。最后针对创业板市场的关键问题,提出看法和建议。     

Rural tax reform and the extractive capacity of local state in China

China's fiscal arrangement in the 1980s has preserved local governments' incentive but the 1994 fiscal reform recentralized revenues. Since then, farmers' tax burdens have risen steeply and become a major challenge to the state legitimacy. How to account for the huge regional variation? Why were some localities able to tax more heavily than others? Based on a national survey of village governance in China, we examine farmers' burdens empirically and identify political and social factors that explain the local governments' ability to tax farmers. This paper suggests that developments since the 1990s have shown that it overstates local discretionary power and does not pay enough attention to societal forces in understanding local public finance.